I have just dumped code into a Chrome console and saved a cert while in a pinch. It’s not best practices of course, but when you need something fast for one-time use, it’s nice to have something immediately available.
You could make your own webpage that works in the browser (no backend) and make a cert. I haven’t published anything publicly because you really shouldn’t dump private keys in unknown websites, but nothing is stopping you from making your own.
That’s what NodeJS and Deno are.
The point of the browser support means it runs on modern Web technologies and doesn’t need external binaries (eg: OpenSSL). It can literally run on any JS, even a browser.
Just going to mention my zero-dependency ACME (Let’s Encrypt) library: https://github.com/clshortfuse/acmejs
It runs on Chrome, Safari, FireFox, Deno, and NodeJS.
I use it to spin up my wildcard and HTTP certificates. I’ve personally automated it by having the certificate upload to S3 buckets and AWS Certificates. I wrote a helper for Name.com for DNS validation. For HTTP validation, I use HTTP PUT.
I can spend 2 minutes scanning a page for a certain word every time I need to search for something.
But I’m very happy somebody spent the time to code Ctrl+F.
Windows 10 and it’s not a good idea
Something something ground loop detection, maybe.
I’ve also used .local but .local could imply a local neighborhood. The word itself is based on “location”. Maybe a campus could be .local but the smaller networks would be .internal
Or, maybe they want to not confuse it with link-local or unique local addresses. Though, maybe all .internal networks should be using local (private) addresses?
I’ve been using uBOLite for about a year and I’m pretty happy with it. You don’t have to give the extension access to the content on the page and all the filtering on the browser engine, not over JavaScript.
I just recently started working with ImGui. Rewrite compiled game engines to add support for HDR into games that never supported it? Sure, easy. I can mod most games in an hour if not minutes.
Make the UI respond like any modern flexible-width UI in the past 15 years? It’s still taking me days. All of the ImGui documentation is hidden behind closed GitHub issues. Like, the expected user experience is to bash your head against something for hours, then submit your very specific issue and wait for the author to tell you what to do if you’re lucky, or link to another issue that vaguely resembles your issue.
I know some projects, WhatWG for one, follow the convention of, if something is unclear in the documentation, the issue does not get closed until that documentation gets updated so there’s no longer any ambiguity or lack of clarity.
My open-source, zero dependency JS library for requesting and generating certs with dns01: https://github.com/clshortfuse/acmejs
I only coded for name.com but it is compatible with anything really. Also can run in the browser, which could be useful in a pinch.
Nice riposte, OP.
When I document code I have this problem with indices vs indexes.
Yeah, except for the first few bytes. PKCS8 has some initial header information, but most of it is the OCTET_STRING of the private key itself.
The PEM (human “readable”) version is Base64, so you can craft up a string and make that your key. DER is that converted to binary again:
/**
* @see https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5208#section-5
* @see https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2313#section-11
* Unwraps PKCS8 Container for internal key (RSA or EC)
* @param {string|Uint8Array} pkcs8
* @param {string} [checkOID]
* @return {Uint8Array} DER
*/
export function privateKeyFromPrivateKeyInformation(pkcs8, checkOID) {
const der = derFromPrivateKeyInformation(pkcs8);
const [
[privateKeyInfoType, [
[versionType, version],
algorithmIdentifierTuple,
privateKeyTuple,
]],
] = decodeDER(der);
if (privateKeyInfoType !== 'SEQUENCE') throw new Error('Invalid PKCS8');
if (versionType !== 'INTEGER') throw new Error('Invalid PKCS8');
if (version !== 0) throw new Error('Unsupported PKCS8 Version');
const [algorithmIdentifierType, algorithmIdentifierValues] = algorithmIdentifierTuple;
if (algorithmIdentifierType !== 'SEQUENCE') throw new Error('Invalid PKCS8');
const [privateKeyType, privateKey] = privateKeyTuple;
if (privateKeyType !== 'OCTET_STRING') throw new Error('Invalid PKCS8');
if (checkOID) {
for (const [type, value] of algorithmIdentifierValues) {
if (type === 'OBJECT_IDENTIFIER' && value === checkOID) {
return privateKey;
}
}
return null; // Not an error, just doesn't match
}
return privateKey;
}
I wrote a “plain English” library in Javascript to demystify all the magic of Let’s Encrypt, ACME, and all those certificates. (Also to spin up my own certs in NodeJS/Chrome).
Edit: To be specific, PKCS8 is usually a PKCS1 (RSA) key with some wrapping to identify it (the OID). The integers (BigInts) you pick for RSA would have to line up in some way, but I would think it’s doable. At worst there is maybe a character or two of garbage at the breakpoints for the RSA integers. And if you account for which ones are absent in the public key, then anybody reading it could get a kick out of reading your public certificate.
No. Microsoft is not liable, at least when it applies to HIPAA.
The HIPAA Rules apply to covered entities and business associates.
Individuals, organizations, and agencies that meet the definition of a covered entity under HIPAA must comply with the Rules’ requirements to protect the privacy and security of health information and must provide individuals with certain rights with respect to their health information. If a covered entity engages a business associate to help it carry out its health care activities and functions, the covered entity must have a written business associate contract or other arrangement with the business associate that establishes specifically what the business associate has been engaged to do and requires the business associate to comply with the Rules’ requirements to protect the privacy and security of protected health information. In addition to these contractual obligations, business associates are directly liable for compliance with certain provisions of the HIPAA Rules.
If an entity does not meet the definition of a covered entity or business associate, it does not have to comply with the HIPAA Rules. See definitions of “business associate” and “covered entity” at 45 CFR 160.103.
https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/covered-entities/index.html
HIPAA doesn’t even require encryption. It’s considered “addressable”. They just require access be “closed”. You can be HIPAA compliant with just Windows login, event viewer, and notepad.
(Also HIPAA applies to healthcare providers. Adobe doesn’t need to follow HIPAA data protection, though they probably do because it’s so lax, just because you uploaded a PDF of a medical bill to their cloud.)
The meme format is awesome, but JSON differentiates strings with ".
{ "key": 1337 } vs { "key": "1337" }.
You might be thinking yaml? (Though it supports ' and " for explicit string types, technically)
But integer vs float? Good luck.
Best I can do is M. Night Shyamalan on Peacock